Judicial Rulings with Prospective Effect in Australia

Question: Talk about the Judicial Rulings with Prospective Effect in Australia. Answer: Presentation: A rent understanding was gone into among Andrew and Kathy. Under the particulars of the understanding, Kathy rented her reason situated in Rownville Flats in New South Wales to Andrew for a time of five years. The reason for which Andrew claimed the property was for rehearsing physiotherapy and for leading activity classes. The time of rent started from 1 April 2015. The rent was an enrolled rent and Kathy was the proprietor of such property. In August 2015, some development and fixing works were being carried on in the arcade for three weeks which made trouble Andrew in completing his physiotherapy rehearses. In this way, he griped about such fixing initiates to Kathy. In an answer Kathy affirmed him that the fixing work would not be carried on for long. Andrew additionally submitted a few questions in regards to certain stuffs in the premises which required substitution. Be that as it may, Kathy didn't give any consideration to him. Andrew knew about the way that he needed to cause a great deal of costs for doing those substitutions and hence he took a choice of surrendering his business. He chose to rent the rent to Courtney who consented to proceed with the leading of activity classes. Kathy didn't allow for the task of the rent. Lawful issues associated with the case The lease of properties in New South Wales is represented by Residential Tenancies Act 1987 and the Landlord and Tenant (Rental Bonds) Act 1977(Stratton, 2013). Under the arrangements set down under the enactments, an inhabitant can just rent the rented premise with the assent of the proprietor (Hepburn Jaynes, 2013). In the moment case, under the particulars of the current understanding (Clause 5) between the proprietor (Kathy) and tenant(Andrews), the occupant was not permitted to dole out the leased reason or rent it to some other individual without the composed assent of the landowner. In this way, legitimately the inhabitant has no option to rent the reason to some other individual without taking the assent of the proprietor (Pagura, 2015).But in the current case, it would be exceptionally uncalled for to Andrew in the event that he isn't permitted to rent the reason to Courtney. It is a set up rule that the Court may some of the time go astray from the genuine language of an enactment to do equity to the gatherings (Douglas et al., 2015). The Courts have the obligation to apportion equity to the gatherings showing up before it. It may not be consistently conceivable to render total equity by holding fast to the real arrangement set down under the enactments. Once in a while, it gets inescapable to go astray from the real arrangements of the enactments with the goal that total equity might be done to the gatherings. Under the realities of the moment case, Andrew couldn't be required to maintain a sound business given the quantity of deterrents he was confronting. Andrew was having a great deal of trouble to direct physiotherapy exercises in the leased reason. Right off the bat there were things which required prompt substitution however the proprietor paid no regard towards tending to such issues. Besides, the fixing exercises which were going on in Kathys arcade made a lot of impediment Andrew. Under these conditions, Andrew couldn't be sensibly expected to satisfy the reason for which he had taken the reason on rent. In this manner, Andrew had appropriately chosen to surrender his business as he was not having the option to make any benefit out of the physiotherapy exercises. Things turned out to be more terrible when Kathy declined to help out him. Given that Andrew was confronting trouble in maintaining the business, Kathy could have broadened her assistance by supplanting the needful things in the reason. In this manner, the proprietor has acted in an unjustifiable way by two different ways: initially, via completing fixing works which made a great deal of burden Andrew for a time of constant three weeks and also by not helping out her occupant in supplanting the floor covering or fixing the tap. Kathy ought to have permitted Andrew to rent the rent on the grounds that sensibly in the event that we see Kathy had no complaint in giving somebody to direct physiotherapy exercises access her reason. The individual to whom Andrew needed to rent the reason consented to carry on the comparable exercises which Andrew was doing in the reason. Henceforth, when a proprietor can lease her reason to an occupant for carrying on a specific action, there is no motivation behind why she can't permit a similar reason to be utilized by someone else for carrying on comparable exercises in the reason (Wosskow, 2014). She could have denied the selling of wellbeing items and gym equipment from the reason however she could have handily permitted Courtney to direct physiotherapy exercises in her reason. The demonstration of landowner for this situation is very preposterous and unjustified. Besides, Andrew was not in a situation to acquire such a great amount of costs in supplanting the applicable things in the reason which required prompt substitution. His choice to surrender the business is very sensible the situation being what it is. Kathys refusal to let Andrew rent the reason to Courtney is totally nonsensical. Indeed so much tact ought not be given to the landowner; else it would be exceptionally unreasonable to the inhabitant. A proprietor should deal with all the necessities required in a reason. On the off chance that she didn't need her reason to be rented by the occupant, ought to have at any rate consented to supplant the things which the inhabitant requested for. By the by, she had wouldn't do the fundamental substitutions. Subsequently, the proprietor has not been reasonable for the occupant and she has exploited the reality she was the proprietor of the reason. The inhabitant in the current conditions has not had the option to carry on his business appro priately in the leased reason and the antagonistic conditions have not allowed his business to business. Consequently, it has been out of line to the inhabitant and along these lines, in the light of the current conditions, he ought to be permitted to rent his reason to Courtney. However, the proviso under the rent understanding doesn't permit the occupant to rent the leased reason without a composed consent of the proprietor, yet conditions of the moment case are uncommon and they need extraordinary consideration too. Had the proprietor been helpful and had she given all help to her inhabitant, we could have reached an alternate inference. Be that as it may, in the moment case, the landowner has just made maltreatment of her optional force and subsequently she ought to be limited from forbidding Andrew to rent the reason. This would be a judicious choice in the light of value and great inner voice. References: Douglas, J., Atkins, E., Clift, H. (2015). Legal Rulings with Prospective Effect in Australia. In Comparing the Prospective Effect of Judicial Rulings Across Jurisdictions (pp. 349-358). Springer International Publishing. Hepburn, S. J., Jaynes, S. (2013). The nature and extent of privileges of expulsion. Property Law Review, 2(3), 123-138. Pagura, I. (2015). Law report: Leases,'what you have to know'. Diary of the Australian Traditional-Medicine Society, 21(2), 119. Stratton, J. (2013). Contextual investigation 2: The privilege to lodging. Intriguing issues: Legal Issues in Plain Language, (85), 28. Wosskow, D. (2014). Opening the sharing economy: A free survey.

I Before We The authors of Anthem and Gattaca describe collectivism and societys loss of individuality and privacy in the future Essay Example For Students

I Before We The writers of Anthem and Gattaca portray cooperation and societys loss of singularity and protection later on Essay The creators of Anthem and Gattaca portray cooperation and societys loss of singularity and protection later on. The characters in these accounts must battle with their own needs and thoughts against the chains of humankind. These chains keep Equality 7-2521 and Vincent Freeman from accomplishing their objectives and from carrying on with a real existence they have constantly needed. In this future society, babies are brought into the world to be great, a mother hereditarily coordinated with a dad. Youngsters are educated to do and to realize what is advised to them, interest is not feasible. Secretly is cross examined everywhere. This understudy avoids autonomy, making the ideal society㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ or so it appears. In Anthem, the story bases on Equality 7-2521. In this modern culture, realizing ones character is prohibited, all men must be indistinguishable 18, Rand. Everybody utilizes we as a pronoun㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ there is no I. Equity 7-2321 was isolated during childbirth from his folks. He grew up being speedier then his friends; he was considerably more astute then the instructors. Individuals brought up his body has developed past the groups of his brothers16, Rand, which is a weight. He was oppressed in light of the fact that he was extraordinary. Being distinctive could destroy their ideal society. Uniformity 7-2521was curious and he felt it was his predetermination to turn into a savant. However, on the day his gathering was apportioned out employments, he was picked to be a Street Sweeper. The film Gattaca is set not long from now. In this general public, theyve got individuals down to a science. They can outline they will look, free them of ailments, and different things that are arranged by our hereditary qualities in a research center. Vincent is the primary character and he was made how God expected. This made him an invalid. His sibling, Anton, was hereditarily designed with the ideal qualities from his mom and father. This appeared. Vincent had heart conditions that made him the washout during the swimming challenges the siblings had. Anton was constantly taller, despite the fact that he was two years more youthful. Since Vincent was an invalid, he was not permitted to turn into a space explorer which was his deep rooted aspiration. Rather, he needed to turn into a janitor for the starting place. Both Equality 7-2321 and Vincent were confronted with hindrances and issues since they were distinctive then their individual man. They were not permitted to follow their vocations since others revealed to them they proved unable. They would not surrender to these individuals. Too, they grew up with specific thoughts that propelled and helped them to settle on their choices. They helped themselves as well as other people. Equity needed to carry light to humankind and assist Liberty with getting away from the general public. Vincent needed assistance himself accomplish his objective of turning into a space explorer. The two of them needed the option to settle on their own free and educated decisions. Balance needed to be a rationalist and question the world. Vincent needed to turn into a space explorer and not be constrained by the reality he was an invalid. They mostly settled on their choices with others in the rear of their psyche. Equity wanted to help humankind by giving them the endowment of light. Vincent needed to demonstrate that as an invalid, he could carry out a responsibility similarly in the same class as somebody who has been hereditarily designed. Balance was straightforward. In the event that he didnt need to mention to the pioneers what he was doing, he just wouldnt tell㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ he could never lie. Additionally, when he found power and light, he wasnt going to conceal it from the World Council. He proceeded to show them. Fairness and Vincent realized they could change their fate. They were not going to allow it to shrivel and bite the dust. They were prepared to assume control over their future. .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 , .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 .postImageUrl , .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 , .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61:hover , .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61:visited , .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61:active { border:0!important; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61:active , .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61:hover { darkness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u845b 727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u845b727089d635f5fab96b5f2b836d61:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: William Trevor's short stories EssayEquality designed the electrical light-production box and chose to demonstrate it to the World Council in the expectation of being remunerated. He needed this innovation to be utilized to benefit humanity. Sadly, every man on the board was stunned and maddened by this creation. Equity was evaded. He ran off into the Uncharted Forest with his adoration, Liberty 5-3000. Here, they were to begin another general public. Vincent, choosing he wasnt going to be constrained by being an invalid, chose to be another person; he would swindle the framework. He found a man who might change Vincen t into a legitimate. This man was named Jerome. Vincent colored his hair, wore contact focal points, worked on his legs to make him taller, everything without exception to make him into this individual. Everybody thought he was Jerome and he proceeded into preparing to be a space explorer and was doled out to go on the crucial Triton. They required limitations of society so they could calculate their way around, to arrive at their objectives at long last. Uniformity and Vincent were extremely egocentric. They were worried about themselves and had the option to invoke the solidarity to separate themselves from others㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ to have the option to shading outside the lines. They had a considerable amount of confidence and accepted that they could force social norms and perfect conduct, to get what they needed. Self image is an ethical rule. It is something they think about when they act and decide, they should bring oneself into concern. Its how the two represented their life. Balance did things no other man has done; he broke the standards of society since he was unique. He became hopelessly enamored with Liberty. Vincent needed to mull over his vocation every day, when he woke up and became Jerome. He needed to shed himself of Vincent. He needed to ensure he WAS Jerome. The characters vanquished the limitations of society. Equity lived with Liberty, changing their names and making another culture where uniqueness is esteemed. They changed from utilizing we as a pronoun, to I. Vincent followed his fantasy. Despite the fact that he was an invalid, he had the option to swindle the ideal framework despite the fact that he was most certainly not. There can never be an ideal society on the grounds that there will be one who thinks outside the box㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ there will be one who will accomplish the objectives that they have set out for themselves㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ that individual will confront the entirety of mankind, to do whats right.

Growing deep and strong!

Growing deep and strong! One day, my mother and I were working together in the garden where we were transplanting plants for the third time.Grown from seed in a small container, the plants had been transferred to a larger container; then transplanted into the garden. Now, because I was moving, we were transplanting them once again.Inexperienced as a gardener, I turned to my green-thumbed mother. Isn’t this bad for them? I asked, as we dug them up and shook the dirt from the roots. Won’t it hurt these plants, being uprooted and transplanted so many times? Oh my mother replied. Transplanting doesn’t hurt them. In fact, it’s good for the ones that survive. That’s how their roots grow strong. Their roots will grow deep, and they will make strong plants.Often, I’ve felt like those small plants â€" uprooted and turned upside. Sometimes I’ve endured the change willingly, sometimes reluctantly, but usually my reaction has been a combination. Won’t this be hard on me? I ask. Wouldn’t things be bett er if things remained the same? That’s when I remember my mother’s words: That’s how the roots grow deep and strong.By Chaplain Lisa Bohannon Wouldn’t things be better if things remained the same? That’s when I remember my mother’s words: That’s how the roots grow deep and strong.

U.s. Citizen s Response - 1557 Words

April 20, 1999, a day that brought shame and grief to the country of America. It took the nation twelve student deaths, one teacher fatality, two suicides and twenty-one others whom were left seriously injured to finally provoke a close examination of the increasing levels of violence that were occurring countrywide. At 11:19am, after attending their early morning bowling class, eighteen-year-old Eric Harris and seventeen-year-old Dylan Klebold carried out a mass shooting at their own local high school situated in the small town of Columbine in Jefferson County Colorado. Armed with semi-automatic rifles, hand guns and numerous other explosives, the horror inflicted by the two individuals lasted approximately 12 minutes before they concluded by taking their own lives. What intensified the spread of fear across many was the realisation that if such an episode could strike a quiet suburb community such as Columbine, similar occurrences had the capacity to shatter lives anywhere now mor e so than ever. U.S citizen’s response to the killings was to palpably determine the reasoning behind what could have driven two young teenagers to commit such horrific murders. To no surprise it was for the majority of them and also the government to subsequently conclude from analysed possibilities it was founded from bullying in the classroom and violence portrayed via the media. The scale of such an event and the debate amongst many as to what enabled two such beings to A. be fuelled by suchShow MoreRelatedU.s. Involvement : An Argumentative Essay1130 Words   |  5 PagesU.S. Involvement in Syria: an Argumentative Essay Breaking news! US strikes Syrian military airfield in first direct assault on Assad government (Vanden Brook paragraph 1.) Syria has been at war with itself for six years and dozens of countries are stepping in to â€Å"make a difference.† When Syria’s Civil War broke out in 2011, the U.S. aided the rebels with non lethal supplies but the assistance soon shifted to training, funding, and intelligence. The U.S. has a specific goal in Syria, to retainRead MoreA Brief Note On Hungarian And East German Revolts902 Words   |  4 Pages1956 and while both had similar outcomes, the two uprising events had interesting similarities, but the response from the United Sates differed because of the complicated situations. While we know that both East Germany and Hungary revolted against it s Soviet-occupied governments and both revolts unfortunately turned out with the Soviets regaining control, but where was the United States response? Wasn t the United States supposed to respon d to communists threats to countries existing regimes? TheRead MorePersonal Privacy Vs. National Security1348 Words   |  6 Pagesevents in U.S. history started with Americans calling on the government for protection. The government then responded by creating programs to protect, but while working to protect the government in both events used illegal practices. These practices soon were leaked which caused americans to not support the government’s ways of protection. They even opposed it so much that they even took steps to terminate the programs. The NSA’s PRISM program and the Palmer Raids were started as a response to AmericanRead MoreFirst Responder Terrorist Risk: International Terror Events.1737 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst responders in the U.S. have increasingly been subjected to threats and incidents of terrorism. Both domestic terrorism and international terrorism incidents have occurred with increased frequency in the United States. Domestic terrorism events have occurred more often than international terrorism, and therefore are more of a significant daily threat for first responders at all levels. During the period of 1998-2004, there were 98 domestic terror incidents in the U.S. in which 177 people wereRead MoreA Comparison of Health Systems Around the World Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pageshealthcare coverage to all citizens can be challenging for many countries. Different models and theories abound all over the world about how best to provide care and only the most developed countries have adequate resour ces to truly provide universal coverage to their citizens. Looking at various systems around the world and how they came into existence provide useful comparisons and illuminate how different countries have responded to very similar needs of their citizens as well as how to mitigateRead MoreU.s. Government s Impact On The United States877 Words   |  4 PagesThe U.S. has suffered from many Natural Disasters from Hurricane Katrina to wildfires in California. When it comes too natural disasters Hurricanes are by far one of the most devastating. The results can be catastrophic, possibly leaving the death tolls in thousands and leaving millions homeless. Even though the U.S. has responded to and recovered from Hurricanes, Meteorologists are presently not able to predict them early enough, and the U.S. government is unprepared financially, and responsivelyRead MoreThe Challenges Of Immigrating : American Dream, And A Better Education For Their Children1464 Words   |  6 Pagescountries, Mexico and the U.S. Many Mexican families migrate to t he U.S in search of the so called â€Å"American Dream† and a better education for their children. Many immigrant children have overcome various obstacles and have become very successful and numerous have even achieved everything they aspire. After observing the mass amount of struggles an immigrant child must undergo, my perspective significantly changed and has humbled me for being a documented U.S citizen. I personally have family membersRead MoreThe Director Of National Intelligence By James Clapper997 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribes terrorist organizations relying on affiliates, allies and the ability to inspire homegrown violent extremists. Another report stated that 42 of the 50 known terrorist plots since 9/11 were homegrown. Moreover, diasporas spread across the U.S. are subject to persuasion from web-based propaganda that seeks to exploit, recruit and fundraise among immigrant populations. Last, terrorist organizations will likely exploit the criminal activities of Mexico’s cartels as well as America’s loseRead MoreThe United States And The Civil Rights Movement903 Words   |  4 PagesBeginning in the 1960’s the growing strength of the civil rights movement struck the attention of p olitical figures that influenced calls to reform the U.S. immigration policy. In the 1920’s immigration was based on the national-origins quota system. The system assigned each nationality a quota, which restricted immigration on the basis of existing proportions of the population due to its representation in past U.S. census figures. The goal of the quota system was to maintain the existing ethnicRead MoreEvents Causes And Consequences Of President Ronald Reagan992 Words   |  4 Pagesfor reelection, and Americans overall were very unhappy with his leadership. Ronald Reagan emerged as his challenger, a former actor with great public skills and a plan. They elected Ronald Reagan in 1980 who had a controversial plan for fixing the U.S. economy, later dubbed â€Å"Reaganomics.† 1980 Regan’s Plan The economy focused on cutting taxes, reducing the size of government, and eliminating controls over certain business, called deregulation. It relaxed rules in banking and savings and loan industries

Dissertation Abstract Guide

Dissertation Abstract Guide Your readers ought to be in a position to recognize the worth of your project to the scientific world. Abstracts present the vital elements of a lengthier work in a brief and strong statement. Most importantly, it has to be concise and cover the major theme. To begin with, don't forget the simple fact that not everybody below the sun who reads your summary will appreciate the principles while in the exact specific way which you just do. What Everybody Dislikes About Dissertation Abstract and Why You should also guarantee that you explain the findings in a manner that non-experts could understand without needing to read additional portions of your dissertation. An abstract isn't a review, nor does this evaluate the work being abstracted. The abstract serves as a short-hand for the whole piece, indicating whether it would be worth it to read. Actually, in the event the abstract can be limited to a single page it's even better. The second manuscri pt centered on the complexities of the research practice. By summarizing the outcome of the research, it allows other people to find a notion of what was accomplished without needing to read through the whole dissertation. The abstract can often offer enough information regarding the outcomes of research that examining the complete dissertation isn't necessary. The use of the abstract is to report the key aims and outcomes of your research, and it ought to be fully understandable on its own to somebody who hasn't read your total paper or associated sources. The Argument About Dissertation Abstract Abstract writing is quite an intricate and time-consuming job. Alternatively, you must determine what a prospective reader would want to know more about the work. Abstracts make it possible for readers who might be interested in a lengthier work to rapidly decide whether it's worth their time to read it. The objective of an abstract is to offer prospective readers the chance to eva luate the relevance of the lengthier work to their projects. The Fight Against Dissertation Abstract The abstract should be the final portion of the dissertation that you write. Though it is suggested that the dissertation abstract should be ready after the conclusion of the entire dissertation. however, it is put at the start of the dissertation. A dissertation abstract is a brief overview of the whole paper. Writing a dissertation abstract is no simple job. You must not forget the simple fact that the very first thing your teacher will read is the dissertation abstract and if your dissertation abstract isn't well written, your teacher is likely to deduct your marks for the entire dissertation. The reader should finish with a thorough understanding of the central point your studies have proved or argued. If you've got your dissertation with 5 chapters as stated below, then you ought to try and devote at least one or two sentences to every chapter, so that each chapter rece ives a meaningful mention. As a guideline, one particular sentence summarizing each chapter in the abstract is excellent. In fact, a seasoned writer can get the job done much faster than any student as they've been writing academic assignments during their entire life. Therefore, if you're desperately searching for suggestions on how to compose an abstract for a dissertation, then you came to the appropriate place. There is an assortment of reasons that are because the students may take expert help services from the experts which are available on the web. You need to have a year or two of academic writing experience. The Number One Question You Must Ask for Dissertation Abstract Although you can obtain the abstract of your dissertation written by academic coursework help providers, you're the sole person that knows what you have written in the principal dissertation, so you're the sole person that could give a great abstract. A lot of people struggle to compose an excellent abstract since they understand that a poor abstract will ruin the entire dissertation. One, students may hunt for their required abstracts. Sometimes they take assistance from such dissertation abstract writing companies who do not care for you and provide you with a dissertation abstract that is flawed. The Basic Facts of Dissertation Abstract More info on adsl broadband can be found from Swift Internet. A descriptive abstract indicates the form of information found in the job. You may need to go through large quantities of information in spreadsheets. You will shortly locate the official data about us. Basically, it's a review of the whole dissertation, therefore it must present all the significant components of your work. Whether an abstract is explicitly solicited as a member of the first application, you can and ought to send a dissertation abstract with your application letter and CV. So long as you know some decent suggestions on how best to compose a dissertation abstract, you won't struggle with the whole writing process. It is critical to have an ideal dissertation abstract, and you'll be able to write a dissertation abstract the way it's supposed to be written and the way it's expected by your professor if you've got the correct aid. The duration of the abstract can also vary depending upon the duration of the dissertation. As previously mentioned, abstracts need a concise writing style to keep the term count low. The abstract should tell a condensed version of the entire story, and it should only consist of information that may be found in the primary text. The abstracts should have a particular dimensions and structure.

Natural Progression Dissent to Disagreement Free Essays

Boorstin discusses the distinction between dissent and disagreement, and deems one to be a dangerous cancer, and the other to be the life blood of social commentary. Despite Boorstin’s claim that dissent is the ugly mutation of disagreement, dissent is actually the more powerful, radical predecessor to disagreement. Dissent is the opposition based off of an unpopular opinion, whereas disagreement is an opposition to more socially explored issue. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Progression: Dissent to Disagreement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Disagreement is the safe way to bring about change, a passive and fast moving path as you have support behind you. In the beginning of the women’s suffrage movement, the challenge they proposed to society wasn’t a simple disagreement, but a radical dissention. Until it became a popularized notion, women’s suffragettes were considered to be out for their own personal amusement, and not for the betterment of a society. Once enough support had been gathered behind the movement, the ideas that had once been considered dangerous were no longer all that socially unacceptable. This is not to say, however, that disagreement is not a worthwhile pursuit, it is in that the seed of dissention must be continued to be carried out, but it is the safer method. The argument against dissention is, a minority opinion should not be supported so as not to disturb the social waters. However, it is necessary for dissent to occur for disagreement to develop and for society to change. Without radical opposition to the current social norms, society will never move beyond its current state. Progress is necessary in human society. In other words, rather than being a cancer of argument, dissention is the necessary struggle before the art of disagreement. It is a necessary part of the social plotting process. How to cite Natural Progression: Dissent to Disagreement, Papers

The Poor Relation by Charles Dickens Essay Example

The Poor Relation by Charles Dickens Essay The Poor Relation by Charles Dickens and The Secret Life of Walter Mitty by James Thurber Compare the Treatment of a Fictitious World by Both Authors In both The Poor Relation and The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, the main story revolves around the main characters tendency to live in a fantasy world. In this way the two short stories are very similar. However, the way the two authors, Dickens and Thurber, have treated this main theme is quite different. Firstly, the two stories are not the same. In The Poor Relation, Dickens has told the pitiful and yet undeserving story of a poor relative whos life has mostly been a disaster, though which he has lost everything, including his friends and companions. The story is set in the 19th Century, at a middle-class familys gathering. The poor relation stands up and tells his story. He starts by reminding the family about what they have seen of his life. He then goes on to claim that this is not the truth and that his real life is far different to anything they could have imagined. This is when he explains about this real life in great detail. We will write a custom essay sample on The Poor Relation by Charles Dickens specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Poor Relation by Charles Dickens specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Poor Relation by Charles Dickens specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, Dickens adds a twist in the end. It turns out that the poor relations claim that he leads a secret life is actually false and it is simply his fantasy life; the life he wished he had led. His real life was in fact the one he had described at the beginning, a miserable and unlucky one. The life he wished he had led is the opposite of everything in his real life. The poor relation is a modest, shy, unlucky and dull character that is clearly feeling sorry for himself. In The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, the story is told in the past tense. It is a simple story, about a Mr. and Mrs. Mitty and their everyday life. Walter Mitty, however, has a strange habit of daydreaming. He is capable of turning the most boring of everyday situations and sights into a dramatic, action packed and humorous scene. For example, when he drives past a hospital, he imagines he is in charge of a complicated surgical operation in an operating theatre and when he sees a newspaper boy talking about a recent trial, he imagines he is the judge in a courtroom trial. He dreams these fantasy delusions to escape the dull life he leads with his bossy and slightly mad wife. Walter Mitty himself is a shy, laid back person. The story is set in the 1940s in America. The techniques used in these stories by the two authors are also different. In The Poor Relation, Dickens delves into the ficticious world once, although for a long passage, and we do not know until the end that this is fictitious. He uses suspense in the first half of the story as the poor relation tells his family that he is not what they think he is and is to tell the truth after he has explained what he describes as What I am supposed to be. This explanation of the real world and the fictitious world can easily be compared. For example, when he talks about his real life, he talks about his wife leaving him for rich man. In his dream world however, he states that one would expect her to go off with some rich man, but in fact she stayed with him and lived happily ever after. This emphasises his regret that his wife left him in reality. In The Secret Life Of Walter Mitty, the fictitious world is mentioned several times and in short passages. The situation differs every time Walter Mitty dreams. He usually floats into a dream when he sees something that captures his imagination. For example, when he drove past the hospital. In real life, he does ordinary, boring things and is hen-pecked by his wife. He does as he is told, although reluctantly, because he is so far away in his own little world to care. It is clear from the beginning to see the difference between fiction and reality. It is interesting to compare the dull, uneventful real world Walter lives in to the exciting, dramatic and sometimes over-the-top world he dreams about. The language in the two stories reflects the language used at the time of writing. As The Poor Relation was written in and set in the Victorian age of England, Dickens time, it uses a formal, old-English language. As The Secret Life was written in the 1940s, after the Second World War, Thurber uses strange phrases and sayings from wartime/post-war America. Also, with Thurber being a 20th Century author, modern language has a greater effect on the language of the play. Therefore, The Poor Relation comes across as being more serious and formal as a pose to The Secret Life, which is informal and humorous. Also, through the presentation of the two different characters we get a better understanding of how and why they slip into and out of their dream lives. In The Poor Relation, Dickens presents the main character as a stubborn and yet very unlucky, old man who has obviously failed in life. Therefore he searches for something to make his life seem worthwhile, which he finds through describing his ideal course of life. Dickens uses a similar character in The Christmas Carol. In The Christmas Carol, the main character is Scrooge a very stubborn, ungrateful, old man who has obviously failed in life. Towards the end of the story, however, Scrooge wishes he could have led a finer and more honest life. There is a clear link between Scrooge and the Poor Relation. In The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, Thurber describes the main character in much the same way a shy, laid-back and yet still quite irritable husband who finds his life boring and meaningless. He is constantly being hen-pecked and nagged by his wife so much so, that he has gone past the point of caring. Therefore he searches for something fresh to keep him stimulated in life, which is where his fantasy world becomes relevant. Overall, I think that both Dickens and Thurber present their ideas of somebody living in a fictitious world with great effect. They both evoke pity for the main characters. Although more complicated to read and understand, The Poor Relation gets a better response from the reader. The reader feels sorry for the Poor Relation but the blame only lies on the Poor Relation; it was his fault that he had failed in life. The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, however, is simpler and therefore easier to understand and enjoy. The reader feels genuine pity for Walter Mitty but also finds the situation in which he finds himself to be in humorous.

An Examining Of The Great Commission Religion Essay Example

An Examining Of The Great Commission Religion Essay Example An Examining Of The Great Commission Religion Essay An Examining Of The Great Commission Religion Essay God authorized and commanded me to committee you: Travel out and develop everyone you meet, far and close, in this manner of life, taging them by baptism in the treble name: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Then teach them in the pattern of all I have commanded you. I ll be with you as you do this, twenty-four hours after twenty-four hours, right up to the terminal of the age. ( Matt 28:18-20 The Message ) 18 And Jesus came and spake unto them, stating, All power is given unto me in Eden and in Earth. 19 Go ye hence, and learn all states, baptising them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: A 20Teaching them to detect all things whatsoever I have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you alway, even unto the terminal of the universe. Amen. ( Matt 28:18-20 KJV ) Introduction The Gospel of Matthew ends Jesus meeting with His apostles in Galilee. This was a particular meeting and would alter the class of universe history in many ways. The meeting was foretold by Jesus in Matthew 26:31-32: 31 Then Jesus said to them, You will all fall off because of me this dark. For it is written, I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock will be scattered. 32 But after I am raised up, hello will travel before you to Galilee. This meeting was announced both by an angel ( Matt 28:78 ) and Jesus Himself ( Matt28:10 ) . It was a meeting filled with assorted emotions. Some had run off and others had denied Him before His decease. Now He stood before them, alive. Their reaction was to bow down in worship ( Matt 28:16-17 ) I was a meeting in which Jesus gave His adherents a bid that we now refer to a the great committee. Person one time said that this was seen by many Christians as the great suggestion, but it is a bid that lies at the bosom of the Church and from which she operates. The bid ends with the beautiful promise that He would ever be with them. This is non something to be ignored, but to be a changeless portion of the Church s operation every bit good as that of every truster. I will be looking at what makes this committee so GREAT. I Great in its Authority To Jesus was given all authorization. As the Godhead, He is the One who has the original right to make all things: For by1 him all things were created, in Eden and on Earth, seeable and unseeable, whether thrones or rules or swayers or authorities-all things were created through him and for him. And is before all things, and in him all things hold together. ( Colossians 1:16-1 ) What higher authorization than the Godhead Himself to publish such a bid. As our Redeemer, this authorization is even more marked: who, though he was in the signifier of God, did non number equality with God a thing to be grasped, but made himself nil, taking the signifier of a retainer, being born in the similitude of work forces. And being found in human signifier, he humbled himself by going obedient to the point of decease, even decease on a cross. Therefore God has extremely exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every articulatio genus should bow, in Eden and on Earth and under the Earth, and every lingua confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glorification of God the Father. ( Philippians2:6-11 ) Jesus has all authorization both in Eden and on Earth ( 1 Pet 1:1-5, Eph 1:20-23 ) . This is the authorization with which He speaks and this is the authorization to which we must respond. Cipher has a higher authorization. No authorities or organisation can in any manner cancel His authorization. There is no political system or doctrine that is above His authorization. The Bible ; e says that He is above all the male monarchs of the Earth ( Rev 1:5, Psa 2:1-12 ; 110:1-6 ) Jesus surely deserves our obeisance to Him. He is talking with an authorization that is above this universe. While worlds can be fallible, Jesus can and will present on His promises. Even His promises comes with the highest authorization ( 2 Pet 1:2-5 ) It is on the footing of such great authorization that Jesus give the great committee. Not merely great in authorization, but besides great in mission. II Great in Mission The mission is the focal point, the way in which we must go. It is the mission that guides our wlak through life in obeisance to Jesus. We are to do adherents. The word used here is the Grecian word Matheteuo which is defined as to go a student ; to disciple, i.e. enrol as bookman: be disciple, instruct, Teach. We are to do scholars, disciples and impersonators of Jesus Christ. Even during His ministry on Earth, Jesus was continually ask foring people to go His adherents ( Matt 4:18-22 ; 11:28-30 ) . When ask foring them, He expected them to go like Him: A adherent is non above his instructor, but everyone when he is to the full trained will be like his instructor. ( Luke 6:40 ) Jesus tells us how to travel about doing adherents. He gives us non merely a bid, but besides the manner to obey that bid. First by baptising in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Baptism for the forgiveness of wickednesss ( Acts 2:38 ; 22:16 ) Baptism in H2O ( Acts 8:35-38 ; 10:47-48 ) A entombment of the old ( Rom 6:3-6 ; Col 2:11-12 ) Second by learning them to detect the things He taught and commanded. Baptism is merely the beginning. Teaching must go on afterwards. This was the instance with the early adherents ( Acts 2:41-42 ) . Jesus said that both baptism and ongoing instruction is what is indispensable to true discipleship. Not merely great in authorization, and great in mission, the great committee was besides great in range. III Great in Scope The bid was FOR ALL NATIONS. They were to travel into all the universe and preach to everyone ( Mark 16:15 ) . They were to be informants to the extreme parts of the Earth ( Acts 1:8 ) . They were to go forth no rock unturned so to talk. This was non limited to merely Israel as we find in Matthew 10, but to every state under the Sun. While Israel had been the focal point of God s redemption program up to that point, now, with the work of Jesus on the cross, all states, Jews and non Jews could go fellow inheritors to the Kingdom of God ( Ephesians 2:11-22 ) . The nazarene wants us to believe globally, non merely locally. While we should non disregard our local community, we should besides believe of those outside our ain little universe. As human being we have a inclination to concentrate on our small world. We do non look outside of the few people we know or encounter each twenty-four hours, and that is where we start with the Gospel, but that is no where is should halt. The work of redemption is available to all God s animals. All the assorted states are a portion of that creative activity and all have the redemption work of Jesus available to them as a gift of grace. The great committee has great authorization, is great in its mission, great in its range, and great in its promise. IV Great in its Promise Jesus said that He will ever be with us. This promise is similar to the 1 He made earlier to His apostles: For where two or three are gathered in my name, there am I among them. ( Matthew 18:20 ) It is similar to a promise He made to those who follow His commandments: : I will non go forth you as orphans ; I will come to you. Yet a small piece and the universe will see me no more, but you will see me. k Because I live, you besides will populate. In that twenty-four hours you will cognize that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you. Whoever has my commandments and keeps them, he it is who loves me. And he who loves me swill be loved by my Father, and I will love him and manifest myself to him. Judas ( non Iscariot ) said to him, Lord, how is it that you will attest yourself to us, and non to the universe? A Jesus answered him, If anyone loves me, he will maintain my word, and my Father will love him, and we will come to him and do our place with him. ( John 14:18-2 ) It is a promise similar to the one God Gave to Moses ( Exo 3:11-12 ) Joshua ( Josh 1:5 ) The state of Israel ( Isa 41:10 ) I is a promise that provides comfort, particularly in times of subjugation ( Rom 8:31-38 ; Heb 13:5-6 ) This promise is besides to the terminal of clip. It extends even to when the great crop will happen ( Matt 13:39-43 ) . Throughout the Christian age, Jesus will everlastingly be with His adherents as they go into all the universe devising adherents. Through the Holy Spirit, we receive the necessary gifts to non merely promote each other, but besides to enable us to set the great committee into action. V Conclusion The great committee is non merely limited to the apostles. It is of import to observe that the adherents were to observe all things that I commanded you . The adherents were besides to detect this bid along with all the other instructions of Jesus. The bid does non halt with the original adherents, but carries on until the terminal of clip. The great committee is a committee for the Church as good. The inquiry is whether we are honouring the great committee in our lives today. There are some things we can make to look into if we are: Are we subjecting to the authorization of Jesus? Are we working, in whatever capacity to do adherents of Jesus? Are we endeavoring to do adherents in all the states of the universe? Are we staying in His words and thereby doing certain His staying presence is in our lives? Shortly after Jesus gave the great committee, Jesus ascended into Eden. His earlier adherents took that committee and as a consequence did great things with it. As a concluding word I would wish to add a verse form written by Greg Steir, which puts the focal point of our duty for the great committee into focal point: Do nt Trouble oneself Me Do nt trouble oneself me with psyches to salvage. I have my ain docket. There s work to make, athleticss to play, Important things to go to to. Do nt trouble oneself me with that small miss, The miss playing in the street. She s much excessively immature to understand The Saviour she could run into Do nt trouble oneself me with my friend at work. He s got his ain faith. I do nt hold clip to alter his head. He ll do his ain determination. Do nt trouble oneself me with the distant sounds I hear, The sound of people shouting. Although I wonder who they are. Who are these victims shrilling? Do nt trouble oneself me with who they are. I truly do nt desire the incrimination. For it s the small miss and my friend at work Who from snake pit shriek out my name . But do nt trouble oneself me.

Jawaharlal Nehru - Indias First Prime Minister

Jawaharlal Nehru - Indias First Prime Minister Early Life On November 14, 1889, a wealthy Kashmiri Pandit lawyer named Motilal Nehru and his wife Swaruprani Thussu welcomed their first baby, a boy they named Jawaharlal. The family lived in Allahabad, at that time in the Northwest Provinces of British India (now Uttar Pradesh). Little Nehru was soon joined by two sisters, both of whom also had illustrious careers. Jawaharlal Nehru was educated at home, first by governesses and then by private tutors. He particularly excelled at science, while taking very little interest in religion. Nehru became an Indian nationalist quite early in life, and was thrilled by Japans victory over Russia in the Russo-Japanese War (1905). That event prompted him to dream of Indian freedom and Asiatic freedom from the thraldom of Europe. Education At the age of 16, Nehru went to England to study at the prestigious Harrow School (Winston Churchills alma mater). Two years later, in 1907, he entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where in 1910 he took an honors degree in natural sciences - botany, chemistry and geology. The young Indian nationalist also dabbled in history, literature and politics, as well as Keynesian economics, during his university days. In October of 1910, Nehru joined the Inner Temple in London to study law, at the insistence of his father. Jawaharlal Nehru was admitted to the bar in 1912; he was determined to take the Indian Civil Service exam  and use his education to fight against discriminatory British colonial laws and policies. By the time he returned to India, he had also been exposed to socialist ideas, which were popular amongst the intellectual class in Britain at the time. Socialism would become one of the foundation stones of modern India under Nehru. Politics and the Independence Struggle Jawaharlal Nehru returned to India in August of 1912, where he began a half-hearted practice of law in the Allahabad High Court. Young Nehru disliked the legal profession, finding it stultifying and insipid. He was much more inspired by the 1912 annual session of the Indian National Congress (INC); however, the INC dismayed him with its elitism. Nehru joined a 1913 campaign led by Mohandas Gandhi, in the start of a decades-long collaboration. Over the next few years, he moved more and more into politics, and away from law. During the First World War (1914-18), most upper-class Indians supported the Allied cause even as they enjoyed the spectacle of Britain humbled. Nehru himself was conflicted, but came down reluctantly on the side of the Allies, more in support of France than of Britain. More than 1 million Indian and Nepalese soldiers fought overseas for the Allies in World War I, and about 62,000 died. In return for this show of loyal support, many Indian nationalists expected concessions from Britain once the war was over, but they were to be bitterly disappointed. Call for Home Rule Even during the war, as early as 1915, Jawaharlal Nehru began to call for Home Rule for India. This meant that India would be a self-governing Dominion, yet still considered a part of the United Kingdom, much like Canada or Australia. Nehru joined the All India Home Rule League, founded by family friend Annie Besant, a British liberal and advocate for Irish and Indian self-rule. The 70-year-old Besant was such a powerful force that the British government arrested and jailed her in 1917, prompting huge protests. In the end, the Home Rule movement was unsuccessful, and it was later subsumed in Gandhis Satyagraha Movement, which advocated complete independence for India. Meanwhile, in 1916, Nehru married Kamala Kaul. The couple had a daughter in 1917, who would later go on to be Prime Minister of India herself under her married name, Indira Gandhi. A son, born in 1924, died after just two days. Declaration of Independence The Indian nationalist movement leaders, including Jawaharlal Nehru, hardened their stance against British rule in wake of the horrific Amritsar Massacre in 1919. Nehru was jailed for the first time in 1921 for his advocacy of the non-cooperation movement. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Nehru and Gandhi collaborated ever more closely in the Indian National Congress, each going to prison more than once for civil disobedience actions. In 1927, Nehru issued a call for complete independence for India. Gandhi opposed this action as premature, so the Indian National Congress refused to endorse it. As a compromise, in 1928 Gandhi and Nehru issued a resolution calling for home rule by 1930, instead, with a pledge to fight for independence if Britain missed that deadline. The British government rejected this demand in 1929, so on New Years Eve, at the stroke of midnight, Nehru declared Indias independence and raised the Indian flag. The audience there that night pledged to refuse to pay taxes to the British, and to engage in other acts of mass civil disobedience. Gandhis first planned act of non-violent resistance was a long walk down to the sea to make salt, known as the Salt March or Salt Satyagraha of March 1930. Nehru and other Congress leaders were skeptical of this idea, but it struck a chord with the ordinary people of India and proved a huge success. Nehru himself evaporated some sea water to make salt in April of 1930, so the British arrested and jailed him again for six months. Nehrus Vision for India During the early 1930s, Nehru emerged as the political leader of the Indian National Congress, while Gandhi moved into a more spiritual role. Nehru drafted a set of core principles for India between 1929 and 1931, called the Fundamental Rights and Economic Policy, which was adopted by the All India Congress Committee. Among the rights enumerated were freedom of expression, freedom of religion, protection of regional cultures and languages, abolition of untouchable status, socialism, and the right to vote. As a result, Nehru is often called the Architect of Modern India. He fought hardest for the inclusion of socialism, which many other Congress members opposed. During the later 1930s and early 1940s, Nehru also had almost sole responsibility for drafting the foreign policy of a future Indian nation-state. World War II and the Quit India Movement When the Second World War broke out in Europe in 1939, the British declared war against the Axis on behalf of India, without consulting Indias elected officials. Nehru, after consulting with the Congress, informed the British that India was prepared to support democracy over Fascism, but only if certain conditions were met. The most important was that Britain must pledge that it would grant complete independence to India as soon as the war was over. The British Viceroy, Lord Linlithgow, laughed at Nehrus demands. Linlithgow turned instead to the leader of the Muslim League, Muhammad ali Jinnah, who promised military support of Britain from Indias Muslim population in return for a separate state, to be called Pakistan. The mostly-Hindu Indian National Congress under Nehru and Gandhi announced a policy of non-cooperation with Britains war effort in response. When Japan pushed into Southeast Asia, and early in 1942 took control of most of Burma (Myanmar), which was on British Indias eastern doorstep, the desperate British government approached the INC and Muslim League leadership once again for aid. Churchill sent Sir Stafford Cripps to negotiate with Nehru, Gandhi and Jinnah. Cripps could not convince the pro-peace Gandhi to support the war effort for any consideration short of full and prompt independence; Nehru was more willing to compromise, so he and his mentor had a temporary falling-out over the issue. In August of 1942, Gandhi issued his famous call for Britain to Quit India. Nehru was reluctant to pressure Britain at the time since World War II was not going well for the British, but the INC passed Gandhis proposal. In reaction, the British government arrested and imprisoned the entire INC working committee, including both Nehru and Gandhi. Nehru would remain in prison for almost three years, until June 15, 1945. Partition and Prime Ministership The British released Nehru from prison after the war was over in Europe, and he immediately began to play a key role in negotiations over the future of India. Initially, he vigorously opposed plans to divide the country along sectarian lines into a predominantly-Hindu India and a predominantly-Muslim Pakistan, but when bloody fighting broke out between members of the two religions, he reluctantly agreed to the split. After the Partition of India, Pakistan became an independent nation led by Jinnah on August 14, 1947, and India became independent the following day under Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Nehru embraced socialism, and was a leader of the international non-aligned movement during the Cold War, along with Nasser of Egypt and Tito of Yugoslavia. As Prime Minister, Nehru instituted wide-spread economic and social reforms that helped India reorganized itself as a unified, modernizing state. He was influential in international politics as well, but could never solve the problem of Kashmir and other Himalayan territorial disputes with Pakistan and with China. Sino-Indian War of 1962 In 1959, Prime Minister Nehru granted asylum to the Dalai Lama and other Tibetan refugees from Chinas 1959 Invasion of Tibet. This sparked tensions between the two Asian superpowers, which already had unsettled claims to the Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh areas in the Himalaya Mountain range. Nehru responded with his Forward Policy, placing military outposts along the disputed border with China, beginning in 1959. On October 20, 1962, China launched a simultaneous attack at two points 1000 kilometers apart along the disputed border with India. Nehru was caught off guard, and India suffered a series of military defeats. By November 21, China felt that it had made its point, and unilaterally ceased fire. It withdrew from its forward positions, leaving the division of land the same as before the war, except that India had been driven from its forward positions across the Line of Control. Indias force of 10,000 to 12,000 troops suffered heavy losses in the Sino-Indian War, with almost 1,400 killed, 1,700 missing, and nearly 4,000 captured by the Peoples Liberation Army of China. China lost 722 killed and about 1,700 wounded. The unexpected war and humiliating defeat profoundly depressed Prime Minister Nehru, and many historians claim that the shock may have hastened his death. Nehrus Death Nehrus party was reelected to the majority in 1962, but with smaller percentages of the vote than before. His health began to fail, and he spent a number of months in Kashmir during 1963 and 1964, trying to recuperate. Nehru returned to Delhi in May of 1964, where he suffered a stroke and then a heart attack on the morning of May 27. He died that afternoon. The Pandits Legacy Many observers expected Parliament member Indira Gandhi to succeed her father, even though he had voiced opposition to her serving as Prime Minister for fear of dynastism. Indira turned down the post at that time, however, and Lal Bahadur Shastri took over as the second prime minister of India. Indira would later become the third prime minister, and her son Rajiv was the sixth to hold that title. Jawaharlal Nehru left behind the worlds largest democracy, a nation committed to neutrality in the Cold War, and a nation developing quickly in terms of education, technology and economics.

Greek and Roman Architecture and Chartres Cathedral Essay

Greek and Roman Architecture and Chartres Cathedral - Essay Example The inspiration was mainly derived from â€Å"Mycenaean megaron.† Their religious temples were different from those of Egyptians and Hindus, however; their temples had â€Å"Cella† which is their porch or the centre room with the statue of god in the centre as the main chief of the temple. This Cella or the centre room was usually surrounded by single or double rows of columns. Their Columns hold a central position in the design of the temple. The idea and design of post and lintel design of the columns was an inspiration derived from Egyptians which Greeks changed with their own decoration and format. They typically used Ionic, Doric and Corinthian design for column building. On the other hand, Romans followed Greek architectural design in buildings. Romans were the first ones to use concrete as an important building material. Their architectural design developed a relationship between the form and the function. They were the first ones to introduce roman arch in their temple designs. Their three famous structures include The Aqueducts, The Coliseum and The Pantheon. Chartres Cathedral in France is the best example of Gothic architecture. Chartres Cathedral best expresses the gothic art in the modern world today through its intact sculptures and stained glass windows. The Cathedral was completed in three different stages and each stage adds a different gothic touch to the building. The Cathedral is a magnificent piece of artwork, sculptures and towers. The towers are inspired by the Roman designs and style (Titus Burckhardt). The Cathedral has almost 150 stained glass windows which represent different stories and events from the bibles. Greeks and Romans have left their heavy influence on the history of architecture. They added meaning, expression and intelligence to the design of the buildings and temples which were followed by other nations,

Drug Trafficking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Drug Trafficking - Essay Example Although the U.S. forces tend to patrol this vast area, they rely heavily on international partnerships in closely coordinating enforcement operations along with the interdiction forces of the majority of Western Hemisphere, as well as European nations so as to limit drug traffickers with the utilization of air and maritime routes. This interdiction takes a team effort thereby relying on the successful execution of a number of steps within an interdiction continuum, comprising of the collection, as well as dissemination of exploitable intelligence, the recognition and monitoring of suspicious vessels, along with the tangible interdiction of those vessels. The objective of the national interdiction according to the National Drug Control Strategy has succeeded in creating a removal rate of about 40% of the documented cocaine flow whose destination is the United States through FY2015. Although this is a significant development, a lot needs to be done concerning the interdiction of cocaine. Typically, within the eastern Pacific, there are fishing vessels transporting multiton cargos of cocaine leave Colombian, as well as Ecuadorian Pacific coast ports through to the delivery points via the Central American or even the Mexican coast. Within the Caribbean, there are high-speed go-fast vessels, transporting not less than two metric tons of cocaine at a time, depart from the north coast of Colombia headed to delivery points within the eastern Caribbean or enfolded the Central American coastline within their track north to destinations along the Central American, as well as Mexican coastlines. As a result, a fishing vessel operation is capable of lasting nearly six weeks, whereas go-fast operations go on normally for one or two days. Throughout the past few years, there has been a rise in the quantity of go-fast boats engaged in smuggling; such craft happen to be small, very fast, almost invisible to radar, as well as hard to see within daylight. To counteract the go-fast risk, the U.S. Coast Guard has purchased new equipment while developing capabilities in using armed helicopters, over-the-horizon cutter boats, along with non-lethal vessel-stopping technologies. On the other hand, drug traffickers tend to use latest and innovative techniques in transporting drugs to the United States, involving the development, together with an enhancement of low-profile, completely-submersible and totally submersible vessels. The quality of production, together with operational abilities of these vessels gives traffickers the opportunity of moving more products with superior stealth. These vessels are capable of travelling long distan ces with no support thereby permitting traffickers superior flexibility when planning possible drop locations.2 Interdiction is and must carry on being a vital constituent of the National strategy, as an accompaniment to other approaches in reducing drug supply. As a result, any analysis defining success within the area of interdiction as arresting all, or almost all, smuggled drugs tends to be unrealistic, as well as counter-productive. To the degree that is an exceptionally costly method; additional expenditures should be weighed particularly keenly, especially if they have the impact of reducing funds present for other efforts in reducing supply and demand. Nonetheless, there is the upgrading of the interdiction efforts made devoid of any noteworthy increase in funding. The most significant requirement in the interdiction field happens to be leadership. In order to pursue effective and expeditious innovation, as well as increased commitment, both through foreign governments, toge ther with private agencies, a

Contemporary Issues in Criminology

Contemporary Issues in Criminology Critically discuss its theoretical underpinnings and evaluate whether this theoretical approach serves as a useful explanation of criminal behavior in modern Britain. The idea of cultural criminology indicates both exact viewpoints and extensive orientations that have come forward in criminology, sociology, and criminal justice over the past few years. More distinctively, cultural criminology stands for a perception performed by Ferrell Sanders (1995), and equally in employment by Redhead (1995) and others (Kane 1998) interlinks prà ©cised academic threads to discover the meeting of cultural and criminal procedures in current social life. Cultural criminology sees the sights of the numerous traditions in which cultural dynamics interlink with the performances of crime and crime control in contemporary social arrangement; put in a different way, cultural criminology lays emphasis on the centrality of meaning and demonstration in the structure of crime as temporary occasion, sub cultural effort, and social issue. From this view, the suitable topic material of criminology goes beyond traditional ideas of crime and crime causation to contain images of illegal behavior and representative displays of law enforcement; accepted culture constructions of crime and criminal act; and the mutual sentiment that animate criminal events, awareness of criminal risk, and public labors at crime control. This widespread cultural focal point, cultural criminologists argue, permits academics and the public identical to better appreciate crime as significant human activity, and to break through more intensely the contested politics of crime control. At a basic stage cultural criminology incorporates in this way the imminent of sociological criminology with the directions on the way to the representation and mode accessible by the field of cultural studies. Inside this extensive union of the criminological and the cultural, though, cultural criminology has come out from a quite more multifaceted co-evolution of sociology, criminology, and cultural analysis. An essential first point in this emergence is the job of academics related with the Birmingham School of cultural studies, the National Deviancy Conference, and the â€Å"new criminology† in Great Britain throughout the 1970s. Reconceptualizing the character of modern power, these academics discovered the cultural and ideological extents of social class, observed relaxation worlds and prohibited subcultures as sites of stylized conflict and alternative sense, and investigated the mediated ideologies motivating social and lawful control. Any regulation that is living and affluent is a topic to ordinary processes of regeneration and refreshment. Criminology is the alike. It has had its humanist Marxist, feminist, and rationalist, between other reappearances and is presently bein g delighted to one more ‘paradigm shift’ in the shape of a self-styled ‘cultural criminology’. A current unique issue is Theoretical Criminology (2004), which was dedicated to the appearance and predictions of this new kid on the rational block. According to Hayward and Young’s opening essay of the particular topic, cultural criminology is: ‘the placing of crime and its control in the background of culture; that is, observing both crime and the organization of control as cultural products –as inspired creations. (Hayward and Young 2004: 259). The latest criminology’s focal point on top of all on the method in which human actors generate meaning and try to find to use this diagnostic focal point to discover the attractions of disobedience or rule contravention activity (ibid.: 260, 266). Casting its academic custom back to 1960’s radicalism and the concentration to strangers and unusual subcultures towards which that radical ism leaned in criminological job. Certainly cultural criminology describes it self as, and revels in, working ‘at the edges of ‘conventional criminology, for two purposes, firstly, because ‘it is here, in these forgotten gaps that the feature of crime so often opens out, and secondly for the reason that conventional criminology is conquered by ‘managerial rationalization and statistical difficulty. Certainly, whether criminology actually does present a new rational attempt rather than a reasonable amplification of earlier work on unusual subcultures is it self arguable –admirable of a split paper and an appropriate chronological likeness. There are connections between crime and culture. Criminal behavior is, more regularly than not, subcultural behavior. From the interactionist criminology of the Chicago School and Edwin Sutherland to the subcultural theories of Cohen, Cloward and Ohlin, and others, criminologists have long accredited that events and i ndividualities named criminal are classically produced inside the limitations of unusual and criminal subcultures. In this sense, a lot of what we acquire to be crime is fundamentally communal behavior; whether carried out by one person or lots of; exacting criminal acts are habitually prepared within and initiated by subcultural crowd. Despite the fact that the limitations/boundaries may stay ill-defined, and the relationship may shift in unpleasant numbers and stage of assurance, these subcultures compose ultimate human links for those who partake in them. Biker, hustler, Blood and Crip, pimp and prostitute all name subcultural networks as much as individual personalities. Since Sutherland and the Chicago School identified a half century ago, and as immeasurable case studies have since established, criminal subcultures integrate way further than easy immediacies of private relationship. To have a word of a criminal subculture is to distinguish not only an organization of people, but a set of connections of symbols, denotation, and awareness. Components of a criminal subculture are taught and discuss â€Å"intentions, force, rationalizations, and attitudes; expand detailed conventions of language, look, and appearance of self; and in so doing contribute, to better or minor grades, in a subculture, a combined way of life. A large number of this subcultural meaning, exploit, personality, and condition is planned around style, that is, something like the common aesthetic of the subcultures members. As previous researchers have established, delicacies of cooperative style describe the sense of crime and deviance for subcultural contestantants, manager of legal control, clients of arbitrated crime descriptions, and others. If we are to understand both the terror and the plea of skinheads, Bloods and Crips, graffiti writers, zoot suiters, impolite boys, drug users, and others, we have to be able to make sense not only of their criminal acts, but of their group aesthetics as well. Katzs study, for instance, has related criminal acts and aesthetics by investigating the styles and symbolic meanings which appear inside the daily dynamics of criminal proceedings and criminal subcultures. By paying attention to dark sunglasses and white undershirts, to accurate styles of walking, talking, and if not introducing ones criminal character, Katz has outlined the alternative deviant culture, the coherent deviant ‘a ‘esthetic in which badasses, cholos, punks, youth gang members, and others take part. In these cases, as in other models of crime on and off the street, the significance of criminality is secured in the style of its collective performance. The bikers ritually rebuild motorbike, the gang members sports clothing and tattoos, the graffiti writers strange street pictures, and the skinheads aggressively challenging music compose the vital cultural and subcultural equipment out of which criminal schemes and criminal individuals are raised and demonstrated. For once more, contribution in a criminal subculture, or in the culture of crime, funds participation in the symbolism and style, the shared aesthetic atmosphere, of criminality. From earlier on labor within the British cultural studies tradition to Katz and more modern criminologists, studies have exposed that representation( symbolism) and style not only form criminal subcultures, but interlink with the wider social and official associations in which these subcultures are wedged. Criminal subcultures and their styles both breed out of class, age, gender, ethnic, and legal differences, and by turns duplicate and oppose these social mistake lines. And this interaction of subcultural style, difference, and power in turn reminds us of Beckers classic criminological command, that we must observe not only criminal subcultures, but the lawful and political authorities who build these subcultures as criminal. When we do, we find these authorities both acting in response to subcultural styles, and themselves utilizing symbolic and stylistic approaches of their own in opposition to them. The criminalization attempts of legal and political supporters show again the control of cultural forces; in criminalizing cultural and subcultural actions, and campaigning for communal support, ethical capitalists and legal auth orities influence legal and political structures, but conceivably more so structures of mass symbolism and perception. To appreciate the actuality of crime and criminalization, subsequently, a cultural criminology ought to report not only for the dynamics of criminal subcultures, but for the dynamics of the gathered media too. Nowadays, arbitrated pictures of crime and criminal violent behavior wash over us in wave after wave, and in so doing help form public insights and strategies in look upon crime. But obviously these modern cases constructed on prior arbitrated structures of crime and control. The criminalization of marijuana in the United States a half century ago was forecasted on an attempt to awaken the public to the threat dealing with it by means of `a didactic campaign recitations the drug, its recognition, and evil consequences. Forceful gang behavior and police attack on zoot suiters in the 1940s were assault by the increase of an unmistakably hostile symbol in Los Angeles newspapers. In the mid-1960s, shocking media reports of rape and assault placed the circumstance for a permissible campaign in opposition to the Hells Angels; and at approximately the matching time, lawful harassments on British mods and rockers were lawful throughout the medias consumption of sensitive symbols.† In the 1970s, the mutual relations amid the British mass media and criminal justice system formed a discernment that mugging was a terrifying new injures of crime. And throughout the 1980s and untimely 1990s, mediated horror legends justified wars on drugs, gangs, and graffiti in the United States, and shaped instants of mediated moral panic over child cruelty and child pornography in Great Britain. This development away from penal borders, this combination of conflicting scholarly viewpoints, this centered on positioned cultural dynamics, all naming prospects not only for a serious cultural criminology, but a kind of postmodern cultural criminology on top. Current social, feminist, and cultural speculations are increasingly moving further than penal restrictions and distinct classes to generate artificial, postmodern outlooks on social and cultural life. Despite the fact that patent by their assorted and different components, these perceptions allocate some wide-ranging thoughts, between them the concept that the on a daily basis culture of persons and groups integrates commanding and contradictory extent of style and sense. The symbolism and style of social interaction, the culture of everyday life, in this way materializes a contested political ground, representing samples of dissimilarity, supremacy, and opportunity. And these samples are in turn tangled with superior struct ures of mediated information and amusement, cultural manufacture and expenditure, and official and political authority. Seeing that the type of cultural criminology outlined here expands, it can incorporate criminology keen on these artificial lines of located inquest now rising under large captions like postmodernism and cultural studies. Cultural criminology therefore offers criminologists the chance to improve their own perceptions and perspectives on crime with approaching from other disciplines, whilst at the same time providing for their social group in cultural studies, the sociology of culture, media studies, and somewhere else priceless prospects on crime, criminalization, and their association to cultural and political procedures. Meandering or breaching the limitations of criminology in sort to create a cultural criminology in this sense destabilizes contemporary criminology less than it increases and enlivens it. Cultural criminology expands criminologys field to compris e worlds predictably measured external to it: gallery art, trendy music, media companies and texts, style. In the equal way, it institutes criminology into contemporary arguments over these worlds, and labels criminological points of view as crucial to them. The particular relations between culture and crime, and the wider relationship among criminology and contemporary social and cultural life, are both explained within cultural criminology. References: Ferrell J. (1999) Cultural Criminology, pages 395-418, Annual Review Of Sociology. Vol.25 http://www.albany.edu/scj/jcjpc/vol3is2/culture.html http://www.culturalcriminology.org/ O’ BRIEM, M. (2005) what is cultural about cultural criminology? British Journal Criminology, [Online] Available: URL: E:UniModulesWhat is Cultural About Cultural Criminology O’Brien 45 (5) 599 British Journal of Criminology.htm [1

Frostbite Chapter 23

Twenty-three THE WEATHER WARMED UP ON the day of my molnija ceremony. In fact, it was so warm that a lot of the snow on campus began melting, running down the sides of the Academy's stone buildings in slim, silvery streams. Winter was far from being over, so I knew everything would just freeze up again in a few days. For now, though, it felt as though the entire world was weeping. I had walked away from the Spokane incident with minor bruises and cuts. The burns from the melting flex-cuffs were the worst of my injuries. But I was still having a hard time dealing with the death I'd caused and the death I'd seen. I'd wanted little more than to go curl up in a ball somewhere and not talk to anyone, except maybe Lissa. But on my fourth day back at the Academy, my mother had found me and told me it was time to receive my marks. It had taken me several moments to grasp what she was talking about. Then it occurred to me that in decapitating two Strigoi, I'd earned two molnija tattoos. My first ones. The realization had stunned me. All my life, in considering my future career as a guardian, I'd looked forward to the marks. I'd seen them as badges of honor. But now? Mainly they were going to be reminders of something I wanted to forget. The ceremony took place in the guardians' building, in a large room they used for meetings and banquets. It was nothing at all like the great dining room at the resort. It was efficient and practical, like the guardians were. The carpet was a bluish gray shade, low and tightly woven. The bare white walls held framed black-and-white photos of St. Vladimir's through the years. There were no other decorations or fanfare, yet the solemnity and power of the moment were palpable. All the guardians on campus- but no novices- attended. They milled around in the building's main meeting room, hanging out in clusters but not talking. When the ceremony started, they fell into orderly ranks without being told and watched me. I sat on a stool in the corner of the room, leaning forward with my hair hanging over the front of my face. Behind me, a guardian named Lionel held a tattooist's needle to the back of my neck. I'd known him the whole time I'd been at the Academy, but I'd never realized he was trained to draw molnija marks. Before he started, he had a murmured conversation with my mother and Alberta. â€Å"She won't have a promise mark,† he said. â€Å"She hasn't graduated.† â€Å"It happens,† said Alberta. â€Å"She made the kills. Do the molnijas, and she'll get the promise mark later.† Considering the pain I regularly put myself through, I didn't expect the tattoos to hurt as much as they did. But I bit my lip and stayed silent as Lionel made the marks. The process seemed to go on forever. When he finished, he produced a couple of mirrors, and with some maneuvering, I was able to see the back of my neck. Two tiny black marks sat there, side by side, against my reddened and sensitive skin. Molnija meant â€Å"lightning† in Russian, and that's what the jagged shape was meant to symbolize. Two marks. One for Isaiah, one for Elena. Once I'd seen them, he bandaged them up and gave me some instructions about caring for them while they healed. Most of it I missed, but I figured I could ask again later. I was still kind of shocked by it all. After that, all the gathered guardians came up to me one by one. They each gave me some sort of sign of affection- a hug, a kiss on the cheek- and kind words. â€Å"Welcome to the ranks,† said Alberta, her weathered face gentle as she pulled me into a tight embrace. Dimitri didn't say anything when his turn came, but as always, his eyes spoke legions. Pride and tenderness filled his expression, and I swallowed back tears. He rested one hand gently on my cheek, nodded, and walked away. When Stan- the instructor I'd fought with the most since my first day- hugged me and said, â€Å"Now you're one of us. I always knew you'd be one of the best,† I thought I'd pass out. And then when my mother came up to me, I couldn't help the tear that ran down my cheek. She wiped it away and then brushed her fingers against the back of my neck. â€Å"Don't ever forget,† she told me. Nobody said, â€Å"Congratulations,† and I was glad. Death wasn't anything to get excited about. When that was done, drinks and food were served. I walked to the buffet table and made a plate for myself of miniature feta quiches and a slice of mango cheesecake. I ate without really tasting the food and answered questions from others without even knowing what I said half the time. It was like I was a Rose robot, going through the motions of what was expected. On the back of my neck, my skin stung from the tattoos, and in my mind, I kept seeing Mason's blue eyes and Isaiah's red ones. I felt guilty for not enjoying my big day more, but I was relieved when the group finally started dispersing. My mother walked up to me as others murmured their goodbyes. Aside from her words here at the ceremony, we hadn't talked much since my breakdown on the plane. I still felt a little funny about that- and a little embarrassed as well. She'd never mentioned it, but something very small had shifted in the nature of our relationship. We weren't anywhere near being friends†¦but we weren't exactly enemies anymore either. â€Å"Lord Szelsky is leaving soon,† she told me as we stood near the building's doorway, not far from where I'd yelled for her on that first day we'd talked. â€Å"I'll be going with him.† â€Å"I know,† I said. There was no question she'd leave. That was how it was. Guardians followed Moroi. They came first. She regarded me for a few moments, her brown eyes thoughtful. For the first time in a long time, I felt like we were actually looking eye to eye, as opposed to her looking down on me. It was about time, too, seeing as I had half a foot of height on her. â€Å"You did well,† she said at last. â€Å"Considering the circumstances.† It was only half a compliment, but I deserved no more. I understood now the mistakes and lapses of judgment that had led to the events at Isaiah's house. Some had been my fault; some hadn't. I wished I could have changed some of my actions, but I knew she was right. I'd done the best I could in the end with the mess before me. â€Å"Killing Strigoi wasn't as glamorous as I thought it'd be,† I told her. She gave me a sad smile. â€Å"No. It never is.† I thought then about all the marks on her neck, all the kills. I shuddered. â€Å"Oh, hey.† Eager to change the subject, I reached into my pocket and pulled out the little blue eye pendant she'd given me. â€Å"This thing you gave me. It's a n-nazari† I stumbled over the word. She looked surprised. â€Å"Yes. How'd you know?† I didn't want to explain my dreams with Adrian. â€Å"Someone told me. It's a protection thing, right?† A pensive look crossed her face, and then she exhaled and nodded. â€Å"Yes. It comes from an old superstition in the Middle East†¦Some people believe that those who want to hurt you can curse you or give you ‘the evil eye.' The nazar is meant to counteract the evil eye †¦ and just bring protection in general to those who wear it.† I ran my fingers over the piece of glass. â€Å"Middle East†¦so, places sort of like, um, Turkey?† My mother's lips quirked. â€Å"Places exactly like Turkey.† She hesitated. â€Å"It was †¦ a gift. A gift I received a long time ago †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Her gaze turned inward, lost in memory. â€Å"I got a lot of †¦ attention from men when I was your age. Attention that seemed flattering at first but wasn't in the end. It's hard to tell the difference sometimes, between what's real affection and what's someone wanting to take advantage of you. But when you feel the real thing†¦well, you'll know.† I understood then why she was so overprotective about my reputation- she'd endangered her own when she was younger. Maybe more than that had been damaged. I also knew why she'd given the nazar to me. My father had given it to her. I didn't think she wanted to talk anymore about it, so I didn't ask. It was enough to know that maybe, just maybe, their relationship hadn't been all about business and genes after all. We said goodbye, and I returned to my classes. Everyone knew where I'd been that morning, and my fellow novices wanted to see my molnija marks. I didn't blame them. If our roles had been reversed, I would have been harassing me too. â€Å"Come on, Rose,† begged Shane Reyes. We were walking out of our morning practice, and he kept swatting my ponytail. I made a mental note to wear my hair down tomorrow. Several others followed us and echoed his requests. â€Å"Yeah, come on. Let's see what you got for your swordsmanship!† Their eyes shone with eagerness and excitement. I was a hero, their classmate who'd dispatched the leaders of the roving band of Strigoi that had so terrorized us over the holidays. But I met the eyes of someone standing at the back of the group, someone who looked neither eager nor excited. Eddie. Meeting my gaze, he gave me a small, sad smile. He understood. â€Å"Sorry, guys,† I said, turning back to the others. â€Å"They have to stay bandaged. Doctor's orders.† This was met with grumbles that soon turned into questions about how I'd actually killed the Strigoi. Decapitation was one of the hardest and rarest ways to kill a vampire; it wasn't like carrying a sword was convenient. So I did my best to tell my friends what had happened, making sure to stick to the facts and not glorify the killings. The school day couldn't end a moment too soon, and Lissa walked with me back to my dorm. She and I hadn't had the chance to talk much since everything had gone down in Spokane. I'd undergone a lot of questioning, and then there'd been Mason's funeral. Lissa had also been caught up in her own distractions with the royals leaving campus, so she'd had no more free time than me. Being near her made me feel better. Even though I could be in her head at any time, it just wasn't the same as actually being physically around another living person who cared about you. When we got to the door of my room, I saw a bouquet of freesias sitting on the floor near it. Sighing, I picked up the fragrant flowers without even looking at the attached card. â€Å"What are those?† asked Lissa while I unlocked the door. â€Å"They're from Adrian,† I told her. We walked inside, and I pointed to my desk, where a few other bouquets sat. I put the freesias down beside them. â€Å"I'll be glad when he leaves campus. I don't think I can take much more of this.† She turned to me in surprise. â€Å"Oh. Um, you don't know.† I got that warning twinge through the bond that told me I wouldn't like what was about to come. â€Å"Know what?† â€Å"Uh, he isn't leaving. He's going to stay here for a while.† â€Å"He has to leave,† I argued. To my knowledge, the only reason he'd come back at all was because of Mason's funeral, and I still wasn't sure why he'd done that, since he barely knew Mason. Maybe Adrian had just done it for show. Or maybe to keep stalking Lissa and me. â€Å"He's in college. Or maybe reform school. I don't know, but he does something.† â€Å"He's taking the semester off.† I stared. Smiling at my shock, she nodded. â€Å"He's going to stay and work with me†¦ and Ms. Carmack. All this time, he never even knew what spirit was. He just knew he hadn't specialized but that he had these weird abilities. He just kept them to himself, except for when he occasionally found another spirit user. But they didn't know any more than he did.† â€Å"I should have figured it out sooner,† I mused. â€Å"There was something about being around him. †¦ I always wanted to talk to him, you know? He just has this †¦ charisma. Like you do. I guess it's all tied into spirit and compulsion or whatever. It makes me like him †¦ even though I don't like him.† â€Å"Don't you?† she teased. â€Å"No,† I replied adamantly. â€Å"And I don't like that dream thing, either.† Her jade eyes went wide with wonder. â€Å"That is cool,† she said. â€Å"You've always been able to tell what's going on with me, but I've never been able to communicate with you the other way. I'm glad you guys got away when you did†¦but I wish I could have figured out the dream thing and helped find you.† â€Å"Not me,† I said. â€Å"I'm glad Adrian didn't get you to go off your meds.† I hadn't found that out until a few days after being in Spokane. Lissa had apparently rejected Adrian's initial suggestion that stopping the pills would let her learn more about spirit. She had admitted to me later, however, that if Christian and I had stayed missing much longer, she might have cracked. â€Å"How are you feeling lately?† I asked, recalling her concerns about the medication. â€Å"You still feel like the pills aren't working?† â€Å"Mmm†¦well, it's hard to explain. I still feel closer to the magic, like maybe they aren't blocking me so much anymore. But I'm not feeling any of the other mental side effects†¦not upset or anything.† â€Å"Wow, that's great.† A beautiful smile lit her face. â€Å"I know. It makes me think there might be hope for me to learn to work the magic after all someday.† Seeing her so happy made me smile back. I hadn't liked seeing those dark feelings starting to return and was glad they'd vanished. I didn't understand the how or the why, but as long as she felt okay- Everyone has light around them, except for you. You have shadows. You take them from Lissa. Adrian's words slammed into my mind. Uneasily, I thought about my behavior these last couple of weeks. Some of the angry outbursts. My rebelliousness- unusual even for me. My own black coil of emotion, stirring in my chest†¦ No, I decided. There were no similarities. Lissa's dark feelings were magic-based. Mine were stress-based. Besides, I felt fine right now. Seeing her watching me, I tried to remember where we'd left off in the conversation. â€Å"Maybe you'll eventually find a way to make it work. I mean, if Adrian could find a way to use spirit and doesn't need meds †¦Ã¢â‚¬  She suddenly laughed. â€Å"You don't know, do you?† â€Å"What?† â€Å"That Adrian does medicate himself.† â€Å"He does? But he said- † I groaned. â€Å"Of course he does. The cigarettes. The drinking. God only knows what else.† She nodded. â€Å"Yup. He's almost always got something in his system.† â€Å"But probably not at night†¦which is why he can poke his head into my dreams.† â€Å"Man, I wish I could do that,† she sighed. â€Å"Maybe you'll learn someday. Just don't become an alcoholic in the process.† â€Å"I won't,† she assured me. â€Å"But I will learn. None of the other spirit users could do it, Rose- well, aside from St. Vladimir. I'll learn like he did. I'm going to learn to use it- and I won't let it hurt me.† I smiled and touched her hand. I had absolute faith in her. â€Å"I know.† We talked for most of the evening. When the time came for my usual practice with Dimitri, I parted ways with her. As I walked away, I pondered something that had been bothering me. Although the attacking groups of Strigoi had had many more members, the guardians felt confident Isaiah had been their leader. That didn't mean there wouldn't be other threats in the future, but they felt it'd be a while before his followers regrouped. But I couldn't help thinking about the list I'd seen in the tunnel in Spokane, the one that had listed royal families by size. And Isaiah had mentioned the Dragomirs by name. He knew they were almost gone, and he'd sounded keen on being the one to finish them. Sure, he was dead now†¦but were there other Strigoi out there with the same idea? I shook my head. I couldn't worry about that. Not today. I still needed to recover from everything else. Soon, though. Soon I'd have to deal with this. I didn't even know if our practice was still on but went to the locker room anyway. After changing into practice clothes, I headed down into the gym and found Dimitri in a supply room, reading one of the Western novels he loved. He looked up at my entrance. I'd seen little of him in these last few days and had figured he was busy with Tasha. â€Å"I thought you might come by,† he said, putting a bookmark between the pages. â€Å"It's time for practice.† He shook his head. â€Å"No. No practice today. You still need to recover.† â€Å"I've got a clean bill of health. I'm good to go.† I pushed as much patented Rose Hathaway bravado into my words as I could. Dimitri wasn't falling for any of it. He gestured to the chair beside him. â€Å"Sit down, Rose.† I hesitated only a moment before complying. He moved his own chair close to mine so that we sat directly across from each other. My heart fluttered as I looked into those gorgeous dark eyes. â€Å"No one gets over their first kill†¦kills†¦easily. Even with Strigoi†¦well, it's still technically taking a life. That's hard to come to terms with. And after everything else you went through †¦Ã¢â‚¬  He sighed, then reached out and caught my hand in his. His fingers were exactly like I remembered, long and powerful, calloused with years of training. â€Å"When I saw your face†¦when we found you in that house†¦you can't imagine how I felt.† I swallowed. â€Å"How †¦ how did you feel?† â€Å"Devastated †¦ grief-stricken. You were alive, but the way you looked †¦ I didn't think you'd ever recover. And it tore me apart to think of that happening to you so young.† He squeezed my hand. â€Å"You will recover- I know that now, and I'm glad. But you aren't there. Not yet. Losing someone you care about is never easy.† My eyes dropped from his and studied the floor. â€Å"It's my fault,† I said in a small voice. â€Å"Hmm?† â€Å"Mason. Getting killed.† I didn't have to see Dimitri's face to know compassion was filling it. â€Å"Oh, Roza. No. You made some bad decisions†¦you should have told others when you knew he was gone†¦but you can't blame yourself. You didn't kill him.† Tears brimmed in my eyes as I looked back up. â€Å"I might as well have. The whole reason he went there- it was my fault. We had a fight†¦and I told him about the Spokane thing, even though you asked me not to†¦.† One tear leaked out of the corner of my eye. Really, I needed to learn to stop that. Just as my mother had, Dimitri delicately wiped the tear off my cheek. â€Å"You can't blame yourself for that,† he told me. â€Å"You can regret your decisions and wish you'd done things differently, but in the end, Mason made his decisions too. That was what he chose to do. It was his decision in the end, no matter your original role.† When Mason had come back for me, I realized, he'd let his feelings for me get in the way. It was what Dimitri had always feared, that if he and I had any sort of relationship, it would put us- and any Moroi we protected- in danger. â€Å"I just wish I'd been able to †¦ I don't know, do anything†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Swallowing back further tears, I pulled my hands from Dimitri's and stood up before I could say something stupid. â€Å"I should go,† I said thickly. â€Å"Let me know when you want to start practice again. And thanks for †¦ talking.† I started to turn; then I heard him say abruptly, â€Å"No.† I glanced back. â€Å"What?† He held my gaze, and something warm and wonderful and powerful shot between us. â€Å"No,† he repeated. â€Å"I told her no. Tasha.† â€Å"I †¦Ã¢â‚¬  I shut my mouth before my jaw hit the floor. â€Å"But†¦why? That was a once-in-a-lifetime thing. You could have had a baby. And she †¦ she was, you know, into you†¦.† The ghost of a smile flickered on his face. â€Å"Yes, she was. Is. And that's why I had to say no. I couldn't return that†¦couldn't give her what she wanted. Not when†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He took a few steps toward me. â€Å"Not when my heart is somewhere else.† I almost started crying again. â€Å"But you seemed so into her. And you kept going on about how young I acted.† â€Å"You act young,† he said, â€Å"because you are young. But you know things, Roza. Things people older than you don't even know. That day †¦Ã¢â‚¬  I knew instantly which day he referred to. The one up against the wall. â€Å"You were right, about how I fight to stay in control. No one else has ever figured that out- and it scared me. You scare me.† â€Å"Why? Don't you want anyone to know?† He shrugged. â€Å"Whether they know that fact or not doesn't matter. What matters is that someone- that you- know me that well. When a person can see into your soul, it's hard. It forces you to be open. Vulnerable. It's much easier being with someone who's just more of a casual friend.† â€Å"Like Tasha.† â€Å"Tasha Ozera is an amazing woman. She's beautiful and she's brave. But she doesn't- â€Å" â€Å"She doesn't get you,† I finished. He nodded. â€Å"I knew that. But I still wanted the relationship. I knew it would be easy and that she could take me away from you. I thought she could make me forget you.† I'd thought the same thing about Mason. â€Å"But she couldn't.† â€Å"Yes. And, so †¦ that's a problem.† â€Å"Because it's wrong for us to be together.† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Because of the age difference.† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"But more importantly because we're going to be Lissa's guardians and need to focus on her- not each other.† â€Å"Yes.† I thought about this for a moment and then looked straight into his eyes. â€Å"Well,† I said at last, â€Å"the way I see it, we aren't Lissa's guardians yet.† I steeled myself for the next response. I knew it was going to be one of the Zen life lessons. Something about inner strength and perseverance, about how the choices we made today were templates for the future or some other nonsense. Instead he kissed me. Time stopped as he reached out and cupped my face between his hands. He brought his mouth down and brushed it against my lips. It was barely a kiss at first but soon increased, becoming heady and deep. When he finally pulled away, it was to kiss my forehead. He left his lips there for several seconds as his arms held me close. I wished the kiss could have gone on forever. Breaking the embrace, he ran a few fingers through my hair and down my cheek. He stepped back toward the door. â€Å"I'll see you later, Roza.† â€Å"At our next practice?† I asked. â€Å"We are starting those up again, right? I mean, you still have things to teach me.† Standing in the doorway, he looked over at me and smiled. â€Å"Yes. Lots of things.†